Vol. 6, Issue 2, Part A (2024)

A very unique structure located on the posterior aspect of the neck has the shape of butterfly. The organ in question by formal and most popular name is the thyroid gland. It achieves this in the following manner; Through the production of hormones that control the use of energy in our bodies. These hormones are important in virtually all cells in the body as they affect different organs for example, the heart. They work on the overall weight of the body besides the central body temperature and the strength of muscles and play a role in controlling the moods. Hypothyroidism – condition in which the concentration of hormones in the blood is low – results in deceleration of numerous functions occurring in an organism. In such conditions characterized by excess, several unique biological functions increase in speed. Based on the aforementioned rationale, the following research question will be addressed in this study: what is the likelihood that healthy pregnant and healthy non-pregnant women will have increased maternal serum TSH levels in the second trimester of pregnancy? This study was performed on fifty women and all women in this group were characterized by the same age and weight values. Among the females, 50% of them were second trimester pregnant females, while the others were non pregnant females – the control group. The serum concentrations of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), thyroxine (T₄), triiodothyronine (T₃), and tetraiodothyronine (T₄) were assessed in two groups: it was established that one group was the control group while the other was the case group. The TSH hormone in the case group proved significant from the TSH hormone in the control group in the present study (p = 0. 00001). However, the analysis of the results did not reveal a statistically significant difference between the case group and the control group as for the other three hormones. According to these findings, there is a rise in the levels of thyroxine binding protein, an increase in the speed of production of thyroid hormone, and a boost in the effectiveness of hCG in stimulating the thyroid.